Πλειάδες
Pleiades

Greek noun

Last edited: 2025-07-14
Primary meaning Pleiades
Literal translation Pleiades
Variants
Πλειάδες Pleiades
Πελειάδες Peleiades
Πληϊάδες Plēiades Ionic epic
Πληΐαδες Plēiades Aeolic
Πλειάς Pleias singular, used in Hephaestio 1.1
Edited by

Pleiades constellation

not necessarily identical to the modern constellation

Ἐν μὲν γαῖαν ἔτευξ’, ἐν δ’ οὐρανόν, ἐν δὲ θάλασσαν, ἠέλιόν τ’ ἀκάμαντα σελήνην τε πλήθουσαν, ἐν δὲ τὰ τείρεα πάντα, τά τ’ οὐρανὸς ἐστεφάνωται, Πληϊάδας θ’ Ὑάδας τε τό τε σθένος Ὠρίωνος Ἄρκτόν θ’, ἣν καὶ Ἄμαξαν ἐπίκλησιν καλέουσιν, ἥ τ’ αὐτοῦ στρέφεται καί τ’ Ὠρίωνα δοκεύει, οἴη δ’ ἄμμορός ἐστι λοετρῶν Ὠκεανοῖο.

‘On it he produced the earth, and on it the sky, and on it the sea, and the untiring sun and the full moon, and on it all the constellations, that the sky is wreathed with: the Pleiades as well as the Hyades as well as the might of Orion as well as the Bear, which they call Wagon as additional name, and which revolves around itself and keeps an eye on Orion, and which alone is without share of baths in Ocean.’

— Homer, Iliad 18.483-489

Genre: epic
Date: 8th century BCE

Homer. 1920. Homeri Opera in five volumes, eds. D.B. Monro & T.W. Allen. Oxford: Oxford University Press.

Δέδυκε μὲν ἀ σελάννα καὶ Πληΐαδες· μέσαι δὲ νύκτες, παρὰ δ’ ἔρχετ’ ὤρα, ἔγω δὲ μόνα κατεύδω.

‘Set are the moon and Pleiades; and it is midnight, and time passes, and I sleep alone.’

— Sappho, Fragment 168B

Genre: lyric poetry
Date: 7th-6th century BCE

Sappho. 1990. Greek Lyric, 1. Sappho and Alcaeus, ed. D.A. Campbell, 2nd edition. Cambridge Massachusetts: Harvard University Press. 172

The attribution of this fragment to Sappho is uncertain.

Πλειὰς μὲν ἤιει μεσοπόρου δι’ αἰθέρος ὅ τε ξιφήρης Ὠρίων, ὕπερθε δὲ Ἄρκτος στρέφουσ’ οὐραῖα χρυσήρη πόλωι·

‘The Pleiad swam her mid-sky path along, And sword-begirt Orion; and, above, The Bear's tail wheeled around the gold-gemmed sphere.’

— Euripides, Ion 1152-1154

Genre: tragedy
Date: 5th century BCE

J. Diggle, Euripidis fabulae, vol. 2, Oxford: Clarendon Press, 1981: 307-373.

Translation by Arthur S. Way 1912.


Pleiades part of constellation

part of Taurus; specific identification unclear when defined as 6 stars (Geminus)

Οἱ μὲν γὰρ ἐπὶ τοῦ Ταύρου ἐπὶ τοῦ νώτου αὐτοῦ κείμενοι ἀστέρες τὸν ἀριθμὸν ϛʹ καλοῦνται Πλειάδες· οἱ δὲ ἐπὶ τοῦ βουκράνου τοῦ Ταύρου κείμενοι ἀστέρες τὸν ἀριθμὸν εʹ καλοῦνται Ὑάδες.

‘The stars lying on Taurus, on its back, 6 in number, are called Pleiades; and the stars lying on the bull’s head of Taurus, 5 in number, are called Hyades.’

— Geminus 3.3

Genre: astronomy
Date: 1st century BCE

Geminus. 1975. Géminos, Introduction aux Phénomènes, ed. G. Aujac. Paris: Les Belles Lettres. 18


Cite this entry
APA (7th)
Peeters, T. (2025). Πλειάδες (Lemma #1299). The ZODIAC Glossary: A Cross-Cultural Glossary of Ancient Astral Science. https://zodiacglossary.github.io/lemma/1299/

Chicago (Author-Date)
Peeters, T. (2025). Πλειάδες (Lemma #1299). The ZODIAC Glossary: A Cross-Cultural Glossary of Ancient Astral Science. https://zodiacglossary.github.io/lemma/1299/

MLA (9th)
Peeters, T. (2025). Πλειάδες (Lemma #1299). The ZODIAC Glossary: A Cross-Cultural Glossary of Ancient Astral Science. https://zodiacglossary.github.io/lemma/1299/

Harvard
Peeters, T. (2025) Πλειάδες (Lemma #1299), The ZODIAC Glossary: A Cross-Cultural Glossary of Ancient Astral Science. Available at: https://zodiacglossary.github.io/lemma/1299/ (Accessed: December 1, 2025).

BibTeX
@misc{zodiac1299,
	note = {[Online; accessed 2025-12-01]},
	author = {Peeters, Thomas},
	year = {2025},
	title = {Πλειάδες ({Lemma} #1299)},
	url = {https://zodiacglossary.github.io/lemma/1299/},
	howpublished = {https://zodiacglossary.github.io/lemma/1299/},
}