ỉr x r sp y
Egyptian · verb
Edited by: Andreas Winkler
Last edited: 2025-08-25
Meanings
Literal translation
to make x y times
Categories
mathematical operation
Related Lemmata 4 ›

1. to multiply

1.a to multiply mathematical operation

(n)-ṯꜣy pꜣ gn⟨ḥ⟩ḏ 6 šꜥ ỉḫ.t 26 r swsw 110 ỉw=f mšꜥ | tny ỉwṱ 20 r mꜣꜥ ḫꜥ 3 r swsw 1 ỉw=k ỉr 3 {100} sp 110 r 330

‘From Cancer 6° to Libra 26° is 110 degrees, proceeding at the rate of 0;20, as a part of rising, 3 (of them) make 1 degree. You shall multiply 3 times 110, it makes 330.’

— ANAShm.Mus.D.O. 483 5-6

Genre: mathematical astronomy: procedure text Provenance: Egypt Date: 3rd cent. BCE to 3rd cent. CE

Ossendrijver, M. and A. Winkler, 2018. Chaldeans on the Nile: Two Egyptian Procedure Texts with Babylonian System A1 and A2 for Mercury, in Scaffolding of Our Thoughts: Essays on Assyriology and the History of Science in Honor of Francesca Rochberg, eds. J. Crisostomo et al. (Leiden: Brill, 2018), 282-418 386

Cite this entry
APA (7th)
Winkler, A. (2025). ỉr x r sp y (Lemma #221). The ZODIAC Glossary: A Cross-Cultural Glossary of Ancient Astral Science. https://zodiacglossary.github.io/lemma/221/
Chicago (Author-Date)
Winkler, A. (2025). ỉr x r sp y (Lemma #221). The ZODIAC Glossary: A Cross-Cultural Glossary of Ancient Astral Science. https://zodiacglossary.github.io/lemma/221/
MLA (9th)
Winkler, A. (2025). ỉr x r sp y (Lemma #221). The ZODIAC Glossary: A Cross-Cultural Glossary of Ancient Astral Science. https://zodiacglossary.github.io/lemma/221/
Harvard
Winkler, A. (2025) ỉr x r sp y (Lemma #221), The ZODIAC Glossary: A Cross-Cultural Glossary of Ancient Astral Science. Available at: https://zodiacglossary.github.io/lemma/221/ (Accessed: July 4, 2026).
BibTeX 
@misc{zodiac221,
	note = {[Online; accessed 2026-07-04]},
	author = {Winkler, Andreas},
	year = {2025},
	title = {ỉr x r sp y ({Lemma} #221)},
	url = {https://zodiacglossary.github.io/lemma/221/},
	howpublished = {https://zodiacglossary.github.io/lemma/221/},
}