καταδύνω
katadunō

Greek verb

Last edited: 2025-02-03
Primary meaning to set
Literal translation to sink
Variants
καταδύνω katadunō
καταδύω kataduō
Edited by

to set astronomical event

Ὅθεν ἐπὶ μὲν τῆς ὀρθῆς σφαίρας οἱ συμμεσουρανοῦντες ἀεὶ καὶ συνανατέλλουσιν καὶ συγκαταδύνουσιν, ἐφ᾽ ὅσον οὐ γίνεταί γε αὐτῶν ἡ περὶ τοὺς τοῦ ζῳδιακοῦ πόλους μετάβασις αἰσθητή, ἐπὶ δὲ τῆς ἐγκεκλιμένης οἱ συμμεσουρανοῦντες οὔτε συνανατέλλουσιν οὔτε συγκαταδύνουσιν, ἀλλὰ οἱ νοτιώτεροι τῶν βορειοτέρων ἀεὶ ὕστεροι ἀνατέλλουσι καὶ πρότεροι καταδύνουσιν.

‘Whence, for the 'sphaera recta', the culminating [heavenly bodies] always both rise and set simultaneously, inasmuch as their shifting around the poles of the zodiac does not become perceptible, and for the '[sphaera] obliqua' the culminating [heavenly bodies] neither rise simultaneously nor set simultaneously, but the more southern ones always rise later than the more northern ones and they set earlier.’

— Ptolemy, Almagest 8.4

Genre: astronomical treatise
Date: 2nd century CE

Ptolemy. 1903. Claudii Ptolemaei opera quae exstant omnia volumen I, Syntaxis Mathematica Pars II, Libros VII-XIII continens, ed. J.L. Heiberg. Leipzig: B.G. Teubner. 188-189

Ἦμος δ’ ἠέλιος κατέδυ καὶ ἐπὶ κνέφας ἦλθε, δὴ τότε κοιμήσαντο παρὰ πρυμνήσια νηός·

‘And when the sun had set and had gone to darkness, then they went to sleep near the stern-cables of the ship.’

— Homer, Iliad 1.475-476

Genre: epic
Date: 8th century BCE

Homer. 1920. Homeri Opera in five volumes, eds. D.B. Monro & T.W. Allen. Oxford: Oxford University Press.


Cite this entry
APA (7th)
Peeters, T. (2025). καταδύνω (Lemma #419). The ZODIAC Glossary: A Cross-Cultural Glossary of Ancient Astral Science. https://zodiacglossary.github.io/lemma/419/

Chicago (Author-Date)
Peeters, T. (2025). καταδύνω (Lemma #419). The ZODIAC Glossary: A Cross-Cultural Glossary of Ancient Astral Science. https://zodiacglossary.github.io/lemma/419/

MLA (9th)
Peeters, T. (2025). καταδύνω (Lemma #419). The ZODIAC Glossary: A Cross-Cultural Glossary of Ancient Astral Science. https://zodiacglossary.github.io/lemma/419/

Harvard
Peeters, T. (2025) καταδύνω (Lemma #419), The ZODIAC Glossary: A Cross-Cultural Glossary of Ancient Astral Science. Available at: https://zodiacglossary.github.io/lemma/419/ (Accessed: December 1, 2025).

BibTeX
@misc{zodiac419,
	note = {[Online; accessed 2025-12-01]},
	author = {Peeters, Thomas},
	year = {2025},
	title = {καταδύνω ({Lemma} #419)},
	url = {https://zodiacglossary.github.io/lemma/419/},
	howpublished = {https://zodiacglossary.github.io/lemma/419/},
}